Item 4 in Seven Spiritual Works of Mercy
Bear Wrongs Patiently
Avoid impulsive retaliation when treated unfairly.
- Position
- 4
- Form
- Virtue to cultivate
- Obligation
- Recommended
- Wording status
- Editorial paraphrase
- Intended audience
- Catholics and other Christians who adopt the works-of-mercy tradition
- Last reviewed
- 28 June 2026
Names and terminology
Canonical name: Bear Wrongs Patiently
Source wording
Editorial paraphrase: Avoid impulsive retaliation when treated unfairly.
Literal meaning
Avoid impulsive retaliation when treated unfairly.
Broader interpretation
This item should be interpreted within the historical purpose, intended audience and wider structure of its parent ethical framework.
Historical context
This item belongs to Seven Spiritual Works of Mercy. Biblical and patristic foundations with later seven-item systematisation; Christian Europe and the wider Church.
Practical meaning
Practical application requires attention to intention, consent, evidence, rights, foreseeable effects and the needs of all persons or beings affected.
Ethical purpose
To shape conduct, judgment or character in a way consistent with the wider framework.
Exceptions and disputes
Patience must not require remaining in danger or allowing continuing abuse.
Variations across schools or traditions
Wording and interpretation may vary between translations, denominations, schools and historical periods.
Modern application
Modern application should distinguish the historical formulation from present legal, social and ethical conditions.
Criticism and difficult cases
Patience must not require remaining in danger or allowing continuing abuse.
Truth By Reason analysis
Truth By Reason assesses this principle through evidence, intentions, rights, foreseeable consequences, consistency and the treatment of all affected beings.
Ethical themes
Sources
- Catechism of the Catholic Church 2447 — The Works of Mercy Primary source