Item 22 in Truth By Reason Master Ethical Code
Apply Principles with Practical Wisdom
When duties conflict, identify everyone affected, establish the facts, examine rights, power, consent and alternatives, then choose the least harmful effective option.
- Position
- 22
- Form
- Mixed formulation
- Obligation
- Context-dependent
- Wording status
- Translation
- Intended audience
- Everyone
- Last reviewed
- 28 June 2026
Names and terminology
Canonical name: Apply Principles with Practical Wisdom
Source wording
<p>When duties conflict, identify everyone affected, establish the facts, examine rights, power, consent and alternatives, then choose the least harmful effective option.</p>
Literal meaning
When duties conflict, identify everyone affected, establish the facts, examine rights, power, consent and alternatives, then choose the least harmful effective option.
Broader interpretation
Explain decisions openly where possible, review their consequences, correct errors and repair unforeseen harm.
Practical meaning
When duties conflict, identify everyone affected, establish the facts, examine rights, power, consent and alternatives, then choose the least harmful effective option.
Ethical purpose
Explain decisions openly where possible, review their consequences, correct errors and repair unforeseen harm.
Modern application
Apply this principle to personal conduct, organisations and public policy, with particular attention to people and beings who carry the greatest risks while holding the least power.
Criticism and difficult cases
This principle may conflict with other duties. It should therefore be applied with evidence, proportionality, role reversal, attention to power and review of foreseeable consequences.
Truth By Reason analysis
Explain decisions openly where possible, review their consequences, correct errors and repair unforeseen harm.
Sources
- Truth By Reason Comparative Ethical Codes Synthesis Primary source