Item 4 in Yamas and Niyamas

Brahmacharya — Sexual or Energetic Restraint

Exercise disciplined restraint in sexuality and desire.

Position
4
Form
Virtue to cultivate
Obligation
Context-dependent
Wording status
Editorial paraphrase
Intended audience
Practitioners of classical Yoga, with later application in wider Hindu and modern yoga traditions
Last reviewed
28 June 2026

Names and terminology

Canonical name: Brahmacharya — Sexual or Energetic Restraint

Original term: Brahmacarya

Source wording

Editorial paraphrase: Exercise disciplined restraint in sexuality and desire.

Editorial paraphrase

Literal meaning

Exercise disciplined restraint in sexuality and desire.

Broader interpretation

Ascetic traditions often require celibacy, whereas modern lay interpretations may emphasise fidelity, moderation and non-exploitation.

Ethical purpose

To shape conduct or character in a way consistent with the wider ethical framework.

Modern application

Modern application requires attention to consent, rights, evidence, foreseeable harm and changing social conditions.

Criticism and difficult cases

Application can become difficult when this principle conflicts with another duty, when harm is indirect, or when ancient social assumptions do not fit modern conditions.

Truth By Reason analysis

Truth By Reason assesses this principle according to evidence, rights, intentions, foreseeable consequences and consistency with the treatment of all affected beings.

Ethical themes

  • Sexual conduct
  • Self-control

Sources