Ethical assessment category

Ethical Assessments of Information Technology, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation

Ethical assessments concerning information technology, artificial intelligence, robotics, algorithms, automation, digital platforms, surveillance, privacy, cybersecurity and autonomous systems. Assessments consider safety, accountability, discrimination, transparency, labour effects, concentration of power, human autonomy and the distribution of benefits and harms.

5 ethical assessment profiles

Current score range

Highest current result +69.73 Alan Turing
Lowest current result -45.35 Mark Zuckerberg

Overall scores are equal-weight averages of each profile’s applicable six-dimensional results. Profiles below are ordered from highest to lowest.

Profiles in Ethical Assessments of Information Technology, Artificial Intelligence, Robotics and Automation

Person

Alan Turing

The assessment covers Turing's foundational work in computation, wartime codebreaking, contribution to shortening the Second World War and the limits created by secrecy and military application.

This is a contemporary assessment current to 26 June 2026. It must be revised as later conduct and evidence become available.

Overall score +69.73
Period
1936–1954
Evidence confidence
B — high

Read the Alan Turing ethical assessment

View the Alan Turing profile

Person

Bill Gates

The assessment covers Microsoft's market power, global health philanthropy, vaccination, disease eradication, agricultural development, wealth concentration and the accountability of private influence over public priorities.

This is a contemporary assessment current to 26 June 2026. It must be revised as later conduct and evidence become available.

Overall score +59.46
Period
1975–2026
Evidence confidence
B — high

Read the Bill Gates ethical assessment

View the Bill Gates profile

Person

Steve Jobs

The assessment covers Jobs's role in personal computing, digital media and mobile technology, product accessibility and design, together with closed-platform control, harsh management and supply-chain labour concerns.

This is a contemporary assessment current to 26 June 2026. It must be revised as later conduct and evidence become available.

Overall score +11.98
Period
1976–2011
Evidence confidence
C — moderate

Read the Steve Jobs ethical assessment

View the Steve Jobs profile

Person

Elon Musk

Technology executive leading Tesla and SpaceX and associated with X and xAI. The assessment covers electric-vehicle adoption, space launch capability, public communications, platform governance, environmental compliance and securities-law violations.

This is a contemporary assessment current to 26 June 2026. It must be revised as later conduct and evidence become available.

Overall score -2.82
Period
2004–2026
Evidence confidence
C — moderate

Read the Elon Musk ethical assessment

View the Elon Musk profile

Person

Mark Zuckerberg

The assessment covers global communication, privacy, surveillance advertising, algorithmic amplification, election and conflict risks, harm to children, philanthropy and concentrated founder control.

This is a contemporary assessment current to 26 June 2026. It must be revised as later conduct and evidence become available.

Overall score -45.35
Period
2004–2026
Evidence confidence
B — high

Read the Mark Zuckerberg ethical assessment

View the Mark Zuckerberg profile