Item 4 in Noble Eightfold Path

Right Action

Avoid killing, taking what is not given and sexual misconduct.

Position
4
Form
Step in a path
Obligation
Recommended
Wording status
Editorial paraphrase
Intended audience
Buddhist practitioners, with interpretations adapted to monastic and lay life
Last reviewed
28 June 2026

Names and terminology

Canonical name: Right Action

Original term: Sammā-kammanta

Source wording

Editorial paraphrase: Avoid killing, taking what is not given and sexual misconduct.

Editorial paraphrase

Literal meaning

Avoid killing, taking what is not given and sexual misconduct.

Broader interpretation

Interpretation depends on the framework's historical purpose, intended audience and relationship to its other principles.

Ethical purpose

To reduce direct harm caused through bodily conduct.

Modern application

Modern application requires attention to consent, rights, evidence, foreseeable harm and changing social conditions.

Criticism and difficult cases

Application can become difficult when this principle conflicts with another duty, when harm is indirect, or when ancient social assumptions do not fit modern conditions.

Truth By Reason analysis

Truth By Reason assesses this principle according to evidence, rights, intentions, foreseeable consequences and consistency with the treatment of all affected beings.

Ethical themes

  • Nonviolence
  • Non-stealing
  • Sexual conduct

Explanations, comparisons and discussions

Sources