Shared moral concerns
Both frameworks address speech, action and harmful desire. They can therefore be compared on questions such as killing, theft, sexuality, truthfulness and self-restraint.
Different forms
The Decalogue is presented as divine command within a covenantal history. The Eightfold Path is presented as a programme of training leading toward the cessation of suffering.
Why simple ranking is misleading
One list contains explicit worship requirements and concise prohibitions. The other includes attention, intention, understanding and meditation. Neither should be evaluated as though it were merely a competing list of household rules.