Virtues

Bhagavad Gita's Twenty-Six Divine Qualities

Twenty-six qualities named in Bhagavad Gita 16:1–3 as marks of a divine and liberating disposition.

Tradition or school
Hinduism
Framework type
Virtues
Authority classification
Scriptural
Observance
Mixed requirements
Research status
Identified for research
Origin period
Bhagavad Gita, commonly dated within the late first millennium BCE or early first millennium CE
Origin region
South Asia
Attributed origin
Krishna's teaching to Arjuna in Bhagavad Gita chapter 16
Intended audience
Readers and practitioners cultivating disciplined and liberating character
Published constituent items
26
Last reviewed
28 June 2027

Primary texts and authority

Twenty-six qualities named in Bhagavad Gita 16:1–3 as marks of a divine and liberating disposition.

Rules, principles or steps

  1. Fearlessness

    Abhayam

    Develop courage grounded in moral clarity rather than paralysis by fear.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  2. Purity of mind

    Sattva-saṃśuddhi

    Cultivate clarity, integrity and freedom from manipulative intent.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  3. Charity

    Dāna

    Share resources responsibly for the benefit of others.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  4. Self-control

    Dama

    Regulate impulses rather than being ruled by them.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  5. Sacrifice

    Yajña

    Undertake sacred offering and service beyond private gratification.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  6. Study of sacred teaching

    Svādhyāya

    Study and reflect on sacred teaching rather than relying on unexamined custom.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  7. Austerity

    Tapas

    Practise disciplined simplicity and endurance without self-destructive excess.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  8. Straightforwardness

    Ārjava

    Be sincere, direct and free from deceitful crookedness.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  9. Nonviolence

    Ahiṃsā

    Avoid injury and needless harm to living beings.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  10. Truthfulness

    Satya

    Speak and act truthfully while considering safety and confidentiality.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  11. Absence of anger

    Akrodha

    Do not allow anger to dominate judgement or action.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  12. Renunciation

    Tyāga

    Release possessiveness and attachment to selfish reward.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  13. Peacefulness

    Śānti

    Cultivate calm, reconciliation and resistance to unnecessary conflict.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  14. Absence of covetousness

    Aloluptva

    Do not be consumed by craving for possessions or pleasures.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  15. Gentleness

    Mārdava

    Act with gentleness while remaining capable of necessary firmness.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  16. Modesty

    Hrī

    Maintain moral modesty without turning it into imposed shame.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  17. Steadiness

    Acāpalam

    Avoid restless fickleness and remain steady in worthy action.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  18. Vigour

    Tejas

    Bring energy, courage and moral force to worthy action.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  19. Forgiveness

    Kṣamā

    Release vindictive resentment without erasing accountability.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  20. Fortitude

    Dhṛti

    Persist through difficulty without abandoning sound judgement.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  21. Cleanliness

    Śauca

    Maintain bodily, environmental and moral cleanliness without stigma.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  22. Absence of malice

    Adroha

    Oppose harm without cultivating hatred or a will to injure.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

  23. Absence of excessive pride

    Nātimānitā

    Reject inflated status and superiority while preserving dignity.

    Mixed formulation · Context-dependent

Historical development

The list contrasts divine and destructive dispositions. Hindu schools interpret it within different theological and philosophical systems.

Variations

Translations divide and render several Sanskrit terms differently; this catalogue follows the standard twenty-six-term enumeration.

Traditional interpretation

Twenty-six qualities named in Bhagavad Gita 16:1–3 as marks of a divine and liberating disposition.

Controversies and disputes

Translation and application vary; each quality should be applied with evidence, proportionality and attention to competing duties.

Truth By Reason analysis

Nonviolence, truthfulness, compassion, generosity, restraint and absence of malice have broad ethical value. Religious duties such as sacrifice and sacred study require context, while courage and renunciation must not become recklessness or neglect.

Ethical themes

  • Nonviolence
  • Charity
  • Humility
  • Wisdom
  • Compassion
  • Truth-seeking
  • Self-control
  • Purity

Sources